Which vitamin is produced when skin is exposed to sunlight?

When skin is exposed to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet B (UVB) rays, it synthesizes Vitamin D. This process begins when UVB rays convert a cholesterol derivative in the skin into previtamin D3, which is then transformed into active Vitamin D through a series of chemical reactions involving the liver and kidneys.

Vitamin D plays a critical role in calcium metabolism, which is essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth. It also has various effects on the immune system and may contribute to reducing inflammation. This biogenic pathway is particularly important because Vitamin D can also be obtained from dietary sources, but sunlight remains the most significant natural source for most individuals.

The other vitamins listed do not undergo synthesis in the skin through sunlight exposure. Vitamin B complex includes various vitamins that are generally obtained from dietary sources and are not produced in the skin. Vitamin C is primarily obtained through fruits and vegetables and does not have a sunlight synthesis pathway in the skin. Vitamin E, an antioxidant important for skin health, is also sourced from diet and does not have a similar photogenic process as Vitamin D.