Which bones are part of the axial skeleton?

The axial skeleton is primarily composed of bones that form the central axis of the body, providing support and protection for vital organs as well as facilitating the attachment of other structures. The skull, vertebrae, and rib cage are all integral components of the axial skeleton.

The skull protects the brain and forms the structure of the face, while the vertebrae make up the spinal column, which houses and protects the spinal cord. The rib cage encases the thoracic cavity, protecting the heart and lungs. Together, these structures provide stability and support for the body while allowing for essential movements and functions.

In contrast, the other options comprise bones that are not part of the axial skeleton. For instance, arms and legs refer to the limbs, which belong to the appendicular skeleton, while the pelvis and ribs contain elements that involve both the axial (the ribs) and appendicular (the pelvis) categories. Hands and feet are also parts of the appendicular skeleton. This distinction reinforces the understanding of how the axial skeleton is fundamentally centered around the body's core structures.