What organ is part of both the respiratory and digestive systems?

The pharynx is a key organ that serves both the respiratory and digestive systems, making it integral to these two functions. This muscular tube connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, enabling the passage of air as well as food and liquids. During respiration, air travels through the pharynx to reach the larynx and then the trachea, leading to the lungs. Simultaneously, when swallowing, food and beverages pass from the mouth into the pharynx and then into the esophagus, which is part of the digestive system.

In contrast, the trachea serves solely as a conduit for air, leading to the lungs, and is not involved in digestion. The esophagus is exclusively part of the digestive system, transporting food but not air. The larynx is primarily involved in producing sound and directing air towards the trachea, also not playing a role in digestion. Therefore, the pharynx distinctly functions in both systems, highlighting its dual role in human anatomy.